新預初英語原因狀語從句的用法

一、引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞

主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)等：

The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因洗得不得法而縮水。

I can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面聲音嘈雜我睡不著。

Since [As] we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我們沒錢，我們無法購買它。

Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外邊在下雨，我們最好待在室內。

Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 你既然來了，最好還是留下吧(既來之，則安之)。

【注】除以上提到的大家比較熟悉的引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞外，when有時也可引導原因狀語從句(when表示“既然”)：

I can’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想聽，我就不告訴你了。

二、關于 not…because 結構

該結構中的否定詞有時否定主句，有時否定從句，一般要根據句子的意思作出正確或合乎邏輯的理解。若not否定主句，最好在because之前用逗號，否則會引起歧義，如下句在沒有特定上下文時就有兩種解釋：

I didn’t go because I was afraid. 我沒有去是因爲怕。/ 我不是因爲怕才去。

不過若because之前有just修飾，一般認爲not 是否定從句的：

You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因爲有人說你壞話而生氣。

三、because 習慣上不與 so 連用

漢語習慣上說“因爲…所以…”，但英語習慣上卻不能將 so 與 because 連用：

因爲下雨，所以我們呆在家裏。

正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.

誤：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.

四、because 從句與 because of 短語的轉換

Because引導的原因狀語從句有時可與because of 短語轉換：

He can’t come because he is ill. / He can’t come because of his illness. 他因病不能來。

I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因爲他妻子在那兒，我對此事只字未提。

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